There are three laws of reality: One, uncertainty, it never goes away. Two, pain, it never goes away. Three, the need for constant effort and work never goes away.

via Phil Stutz

Beautiful animation (for a children's show); pretty funny (for a children's show); and a surprisingly good overarching plot (for a children's show).


I’m a little taken aback by anyone calling himself an artist because of my feeling that that’s the kind of designation that other people should give. You can be an artist in any field, but getting a degree to call yourself an artist would be like getting a diploma to call yourself a genius. If your work is good enough, it can be art, but art isn’t a product. It’s a quality. Sometimes that’s lost sight of. Quality can be in anything.

via Charles Eames


Masterful, and yet I found myself wishing it were over quicker.


Absolutely entranced for the first two acts, and then the wheels start to come off a bit, and then you realize that if you think too hard about any piece of it the entire thing crumbles into dust. (A charitable interpretation of this is that the movie is a parable of movie-making itself, of the necessity of suspension of disbelief.) Still, there is a lot to love: Michael Douglass in a role that I felt truly suited his talents and interests, a terrific score, Fincher's impressionistic use of night and rain.


Fitting to have picked this up a year or so after Vampire Survivor, a better game in almost all respects but one that is also a bit more difficult to get into. Brotato is a game that is very easy to get into, but lacks a lot of what elevated Vampire Survivor beyond just "a perfect Skinner box" to me — the sense of exploration and mystique, the metagame aspects, the bizarre and satisfying visual design. Brotato feels very much like a $4.99 game you find on the iOS app store and are pleasantly surprised by.

(All of this sounds cruel, but let me be clear: it's a very fun game, and even after having 'finished' it — having gotten all I think I'm going to get out of it — I'm sure I'll play it for another dozen hours at least.)



Terrific thriller in the vein of The Conversation and Klute (albeit with a more political bent.) What elevated this from good to great for me was the excellent bit-role performances: the loyal-to-a-fault aide and the dead whore can be boring, flat parts but the actors did excellent work. (And of course noteworthy: this is probably the first thing I've seen Kevin Costner in that I liked, and the twist ending is unnecessary but delightful.)


Really good book, and one I would recommend to anyone thinking about family planning. Nothing coy or clever to say; just thought it was solid, actionable, and sober without being a drag to read.



When I wrote Befriending the Goon Squad — an essay on the importance of patience and discipline when building a product — I received dozens of variations of the following question:

So how do you stay disciplined? How do you avoid getting distracted by new ideas or dismayed by bad weeks, even when you only have a few users? Various people

I think the reason this question is so common is because people incorrectly assume the launch to be "the hard part", largely due to misconceptions perpetuated by the zeitgeist. As far as I can tell, there are two prevailing stereotypes of what building a company "is really like":

  1. It is the easiest and most rational decision ever, a path to economic freedom and personal fulfillment paved with bottles of champagne and hockey-stick MRR charts. The only thing stopping you is gumption, courage, and — conveniently! — a $199.99 info product that the author happens to be hawking.
  2. It is like chewing glass, a gauntlet of horrors and difficulties equally Sisyphean and Herculean, an unending cavalcade of eighteen-hour days that ravage your body and devour your mind. We must honor the company-builder, for theirs is a plight (and therefore glory) unparalleled.

Neither of these are accurate: life as a founder [1] is long and difficult, sure, but not in the ways that tend to make for good hagiography, and the journey begins (rather than ends) with the initial launch.

Your day is neither as glamorous as margaritas on the beach nor as dire as a never-ending sharknado storm. It's mostly stuff like:

  • grappling with the right approach for modeling permissions for multi-team users;
  • wondering if that logo user churned because they're having hard times, or because they hate you;
  • date night interrupted by PagerDuty.
  • sweating over microcopy tweaks like activate versus launch;
  • debugging yet another fucking bug in some iOS mail app's rendering engine;
  • an uneasy sense of dread knowing that the day is mostly done and forty decisions still need to be made;
  • sleep interrupted by PagerDuty.

In short: you will be spending a lot of time, thousands of hours, doing work that is somewhere on the spectrum between "mildly unpleasant" and "evokes daydreams of working as a barista". This is time that, if you napkin-math it out, values your labor at $20/hr. If you're doing the absolutely right thing at any given point in time, you're spending more time making less money doing something you probably find less fun than any other job you've had.

So why do this? Why spend a lot of time and energy and effort doing work that, in its best form, can be lovingly described as malaise punctuated by fleeting ecstasy?

This is a fair question, given that Buttondown despite that is the thing that I've spent more time on in my life (both in terms of wall clock time and hours spent working) than anything else.

If I was purely motivated by compensation, I would be working in Big Tech [2]; if I was purely motivated by getting to hack on interesting problems all day I would be working for a small startup or freelancing [3].

The answer, I think, is some combination of satisfaction and agency:

  1. Satisfaction — If I had a Mount Rushmore of “best moments of my career”, three out of the four [4] are some variation of “a person used Buttondown, liked it so much that they paid me thousands of dollars, and then still liked it so much that they told all of their friends and colleagues about it.” If you are the kind of person whose favorite day at a company is when you get to send a launch email for a project: imagine that, times three hundred.
  2. Agency — every morning, I wake up and get to decide exactly how I want to build Buttondown. Granted, I rarely do that — I try to be disciplined, and spend most of my time doing what is Pareto optimal for the business, even if it’s stuff I’d rather not do (see the prior list re: debugging rendering bugs and sales calls.) But if I am ever feeling a little antsy, I can completely wipe my slate clean and start working on an ambitious refactor or feature branch just because I want to. Almost all of the best parts of Buttondown have been built not out of a well-strategized, market-researched ten-day deep dive but out of me waking up with an idea stuck in my craw that only eight hours of flow work will dislodge.

Those words, vague as they are, are not universal: I’m sure if you talk to a dozen other founders in a similar phase of their journey you’ll get a dozen different answers. But they’ll all have an answer. (You might need to get a couple shots of whiskey in them first to have them shake whatever their sound-bite-shaped answer is — “I really want to make the world a better place by letting people chat with PDFs” is marketing, not self-reflection.)

If you're thinking that you want to build a product (whether it's a nights-and-weekends thing, or you want to raise a few rounds of VC money, or whatever) — ask yourself why. Make sure your answer is really, really good; that answer will be equal parts amulet and bulwark.


I can't resist ending on a little lagniappe, especially when the rest of this essay can feel a little, uh, dour:

This month my wife and I went on our honeymoon, a two-week affair spanning Paris and Tuscany. There is no PTO when you're running your own business; there are the systems and structures you were wise enough to place ahead of time, and that is all.

But I managed to only spend a mere fifteen minutes every morning (typically mid-croissant) checking emails to make sure nothing had burned down — and nothing did. [5] And when I arrived back home stateside, travel-weary and jet-lagged, I of course had a mountain of emails waiting for my reply — life does not stop just because you're touring Montmartre or Monteriggioni.

But I also had received a raise.

Amidst the bug reports and unanswered sales calls and low-priority checker failures, Buttondown's MRR had grown — not a huge amount, but not a small one either — while I was eating my body weight in carbohydrates.

That, admittedly, was pretty cool.


  1. A term that, after all these years, I'm still not quite comfortable with, for all of its Eisenberg-ian connotations ↩︎

  2. Anyone who says that Big Tech is not the best risk-adjusted way of maximizing your career earnings is lying, fyi! ↩︎

  3. Your reward for a successful product is to spend less and less time on the product itself, and more on the business surrounding it. ↩︎

  4. The remaining fourth moment: hiring people at Stripe. Being a line manager at a big tech company has lots of downsides but recruiting and growing awesome people outweighs pretty much all of them. ↩︎

  5. Thank you, Ben! ↩︎




Does it take some time to get over the seemingly gratuitous nudity? Absolutely. (Does the story — which, it perhaps warrants calling out, was written and directed by woem — justify it? Also yes!)

But this short series; a bit of a prequel to the Lupin III franchise, is a masterclass in animation. We've watched a lot of arthouse anime and a lot of high-budget stuff in the past few years; this is, bar none, the most visually engrossing thing we've seen. Every single episode is sumptuously graded and composed, with varying styles and schemes. The plot itself coheres in a way that doesn't quite hit Cowboy Bebop's heights, but does a very good job mixing the flavor-of-the-week with a larger arc.

Watch this! Stick with it! It's worth it!



A terrific character study (and understandable in that it put Clive Owens on the map) that also does a good job of (pun not intended, I promise) revealing its hand in the final act without gloating.


Probably can be viewed in retrospect as a bit of a pivot point for Adam McKay going from “dumb comedies” to “smart dumb comedies”, right? I watched this for the first time knowing the shtick and was genuinely entertained (we wanted, explicitly, a “fun dumb movie” after a few rounds of drinks.) There are a couple strokes of genius (the runner about TLC, for instance); the third act runs out of steam, as parodies tend to do. Overall, can’t really complain about what this movie was trying to do and it more or less succeeding at it.


Good people, remarkable people are killed meaninglessly. That’s war, and that’s terrorism. The sin of wars and terrorism, in the end, comes down to that.

via Legend of the Galactic Heroes


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About the author

I'm Justin Duke — a software engineer, writer, and founder. I currently work as the CEO of Buttondown, the best way to start and grow your newsletter, and as a partner at Third South Capital.

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